Smallholder farmers grow most of Kenya's food. Many of them still cannot live from it.
Smallholders produce around 63% of Kenya's food (Farm Africa). At the same time, farmers in rural Kenya lose up to 37% of their harvest before it reaches a market (FAO). What survives is often sold right after harvest, when prices are at their lowest, to middlemen who set the terms.
What farmers in our network told us
For our digital extension work, we surveyed 1,007 farmers in 51 farmer groups in Siaya County. The picture was clear:
75%
had experienced post-harvest loss
30%
knew the market price before selling
70%
of the farmers are women
BASELINE SURVEY · 1,007 FARMERS · 51 GROUPS · SIAYA COUNTY · AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE 5
Seven out of ten farmers sell without knowing what their harvest is worth. Three out of four lose part of it before it is sold. This is not a question of skill. The farmers know their land. What fails them are the systems around it: seed they can trust, storage that protects a harvest, fair prices, reliable buyers and knowledge when they need it.
Why more production alone makes it worse
Most agricultural programs start with yield: better seed, more fertilizer, bigger harvests. Our most important lesson from the field is that this order fails. If a farmer produces more but still has no storage and no fair buyer, more food is lost and the extra harvest is sold at a lower price. The gap between harvest and market is quickly filled by actors who profit from farmers having no alternative.
That is why we build fair market access and post-harvest infrastructure first, and production capacity on top of it.